Common formulas and constants

$m=n\times M$

$n=\frac{m}{M}$

$\mathrm{percent} \mathrm{yield}=\frac{\mathrm{actual} \mathrm{yield}}{\mathrm{theoretical} \mathrm{yield}}\times 100\%$

$c=\frac{V_{\mathrm{solute}}}{V_{\mathrm{solvent}}}\times 100\%$

$c=\frac{m_{\mathrm{solute}}}{m_{\mathrm{solution}}}\times 100\%$

$c=\frac{m_{\mathrm{solute}}}{V_{\mathrm{solution}}}\times 100\%$

$c=\frac{n}{V}\times 100\%$

$c_1{V}_1=c_2{V}_2$

$P_1{V}_1=P_2{V}_2$

$\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}$

$\frac{P_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2}$

$\frac{P_1{V}_1}{n_1{T}_1}=\frac{P_2{V}_2}{n_2{T}_2}$

$PV=nRT$

Common Constants

Constant	Value
molar gas costant	$R=8.31\frac{J}{K·\text{mol}}$
Faraday constant	$F=9.65\times {10}^4\frac{C}{\text{mol}}$
Avogadro constant	$L=6.02\times {10}^{23}{\text{mol}}^{-1}$
Planck constant	$h=6.63\times {10}^{-34}\text{mol}·s$
speed of light in a vacuum	$c=3.00\times {10}^8\frac{m}{s}$
rest mass of proton, 11H	$m_p=1.67\times {10}^{-27}\mathrm{kg}$
rest mass of neutron, 10n	$m_p=1.67\times {10}^{-27}\mathrm{kg}$
rest mass of electron, 0-1e	$m_e=9.11\times {10}^{-31}\mathrm{kg}$
electronic charge	$e=-1.60\times {10}^{-19}C$
molar volume of gas	$V_m=22.4\frac{d{m}^3}{\text{mol}}$ (at s.t.p.)
molar volume of gas	$V_m=24.0\frac{d{m}^3}{\text{mol}}$ (under conditions where s.t.p. is ~101kPa and 273K [0°C])
ionic product of water	$K_W=1.00\times {10}^{-14}\frac{{\text{mol}}^2}{d{m}^6}$ (at 298K [25°C])
specific heat capacity of water	$c=4.184\frac{J}{g·°C}$